ارزیابی مقاومت به خشکی در نهال‌های بلوط ایرانی (.Quercus brantii Lindl) حاصل از مبدأهای مختلف بذر در زاگرس جنوبی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد جنگل‌داری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

10.22092/ijfpr.2023.361554.2090

چکیده

به‌دلیل افزایش شدت خشکی تابستان در جنگل‌های زاگرس ضروری است که مبدأهای (پرونانس‌های‌‌) مناسب بذرهای بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii Lindl.) برای جنگل‌‌کاری شناسایی شوند. در پژوهش پیش‌رو، پاسخ‌‌های فیزیولوژیکی و زیست‌شیمیایی نهال‌های بلوط ایرانی حاصل از هشت پرونانس‌‌ بذر از ارتفاع‌ها و عرض‌‌های جغرافیایی مختلف زاگرس جنوبی تحت تنش خشکی (با توقف آبیاری به‌مدت یک ماه) بررسی شدند. داده‌‌ها به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل (دو سطح تیمار تنش خشکی و هشت سطح پرونانس) در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با بررسی اثرات ساده و متقابل آن‌ها تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. همچنین، شاخص‌‌های مقاومت به خشکی پرونانس‌‌ها به‌وسیله مقدار عملکرد فتوسیستم، پیش و پس از تنش با یکدیگر مقایسه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی شدید سبب افزایش معنی‌‌دار نرخ نشت الکترولیت، اسمولیت، سدیم و پرولین در برگ نهال‌‌های همه پرونانس‌‌ها شد. اگرچه پاسخ پرونانس‌‌های مختلف ازنظر عملکرد فتوسیستم یکسان نبود. به‌‌طوری‌که پرونانس‌‌های مربوط به ارتفاع‌ از سطح دریای کمتر (رویشگاه باشت در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد و رویشگاه قائمیه در استان فارس) به‌دلیل سازگاری به درجه‌حرارت زیادتر و یا بارندگی کمتر، مقاومت و انعطاف‌‌پذیری بیشتری نسبت به تنش خشکی داشتند، بنابراین عملکرد فتوسیستم آن‌ها کاهش نیافت. همچنین، پرونانس چیتاب (یک رویشگاه سردسیر با خشکی کمتر در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد) با بستن روزنه‌‌های خود در روز و درنتیجه، کاهش عملکرد بهینه فتوسیستم و بهبود آن در تاریکی، نسبت به خشکی بردباری نشان داد. به‌‌طور‌کلی، می‌‌توان نتیجه گرفت که مقاومت به خشکی در نهال‌‌های بلوط ایرانی تا حدی تحت تأثیر مبدأ بذر و شرایط اقلیمی است. استفاده از این نتایج در پروژه‌های احیا جنگل‌های زاگرس توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of drought resistance in Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) seedlings from different seed provenances of southern Zagros, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sh. Molaee 1
  • R. Zolfaghari 2
  • Z. Alizadeh 1
  • P. Fayyaz 3
1 M.Sc. of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Yasouj University, Yasuj, Iran
2 Corresponding author, Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Yasouj University, Yasuj, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Yasouj University, Yasuj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Identifying the most suitable Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) seed origins (provenances) due to the increase in the intensity of summer drought in the Zagros forests is very important for the reforestation issue. In this research, the physiological and biochemical responses of Brant`s oak seedlings from eight provenances located in different altitudes and latitudes of Southern Zagros were investigated under drought stress (with the stopping of irrigation for one month). The data were analyzed in the factorial (2 levels of drought stress treatment and 8 levels of provenance), randomized complete design experiment by examining the simple and interaction effects of them. Also, drought resistance indexes of provenances were calculated and compared with each other by applying the photosystem II value before and after the stress. Results showed that severe drought stress significantly increased electrolyte leakage, osmolyte, Na, and proline contents in seedling leaves for all provenances. Although, the response of different provenances in terms of photosystem II was not similar. The provenances were located in lower altitudes (Basht site in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province and Ghaemiyeh site in Fars province) and had higher resistance and resilience values due to adaptation to high temperature and or low precipitation. Also, Chitab provenance (a cold site with less dryness in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province) became drought tolerant by closing its stomata during the day and thus reducing the photosystem II and improving it in the dark. Consequently, the drought resistance of Brant`s oak seedlings is partly influenced by the seed provenances and climatic conditions. The use of these results can be recommended to managers in the reforestation of the Zagros forests.

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