بررسی اثر ناهمگنی عرصه بر زادآوری جنسی بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii) با استفاده از شاخص‌های تنوع و ترکیب گونه‎های گیاهی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم جنگل، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهر‌کرد، شهر‌کرد، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری علوم جنگل، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم جنگل، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii Lindl.) یکی از مهم‌ترین گونه­های اکوسیستم جنگلی زاگرس است که زادآوری طبیعی آن به یک چالش تبدیل شده است. این مطالعه به­‌منظور بررسی ترکیب و مؤلفه‎های تنوع گونه‎ای (آلفا، بتا و گاما) پوشش گیاهی در لکه­‌های دارای زادآوری و با زادآوری ضعیف جنسی بلوط شمال شهرستان ایلام انجام شد. ده قطعه‌نمونه 100 متر مربعی از هر کدام از حالت‌ها به­‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب شد و در هر لکه چهار قطعه‌نمونه (1×1 متر) برای شمارش گونه­‌های گیاهی پیاده شد. بر اساس آزمون مونت‌کارلو، در لکه‌­های دارای زادآوری و با زادآوری ضعیف به‌ترتیب 23 و 13 گونه شاخص (به­‌ترتیب از بین 109 و 58 گونه) مشخص شد. بر اساس تحلیل تطبیقی قوس­‌گیری­‌شده (DCA)، دو لکه مورد بررسی از نظر ترکیب پوشش گیاهی متفاوت بودند. تروفیت­‌ها و همی­‌کریپتوفیت­‌ها شکل زیستی غالب در هر دو لکه بودند. در هر دو لکه، مؤلفه‌­های مختلف تنوع گونه‌ای در لکه‏‌های دارای زادآوری به‌‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از مقادیر آنها در لکه‎های با زادآوری ضعیف بود. در هر دو گروه لکه، تنوع درون واحدهای نمونه (آلفا) در مقایسه با تنوع بین واحدهای نمونه (بتا) دارای سهم بیشتری از تنوع کل (گاما) بود. به­‌طور کلی می‌­توان بیان کرد که ترکیب و تنوع گونه­‌های گیاهی می­‌توانند به­‌عنوان شاخص­‌های زیستی مناسبی برای پایش ناهمگنی عرصه در لکه­‌های زادآوری بلوط ایرانی مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of heterogeneity of field on natural regeneration of Brant's oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) using diversity and composition indices of plant species

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Heydari 1
  • Javad Mirzaei 1
  • Reza Omidipoor 2
  • Mostafa Naderi 3
  • Tahmineh Abdi 4
1 Assistant Prof., Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
4 M.Sc. Student Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
چکیده [English]

Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) is one of the most important species of Zagros forest ecosystem that it’s natural regeneration has become a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the composition and species diversity component (alpha, beta and gamma) of indicator plant species in well and poorly seed-origin oak regenerated spots in north of Ilam city. In this study, ten 100-m2 plots were randomly selected from each of the spots. Four sample plots (1 × 1 m) were established in each spot for counting the number of plant species. The Monte Carlo test detected 23 and 13 indicator species from 109 and 58 species in well and poorly seed-origin oak regenerated spots, respectively. Based on Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), two spots were different in terms of species composition. The dominant life forms in the two spots were therophytes and hemicryptophytes. The results showed that different components of species diversity i.e. alpha, beta, and gamma were higher in well seed-origin oak regenerated spots than in poorly regenerated spots. In both spots, diversity within the sample units (alpha) compared with diversity between sample units (beta) had a greater contribution in total diversity (gamma). In general, it can be concluded that the composition and diversity of plant species could be used as a bioindicator for monitoring the heterogeneity of oak regenerated spots.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • indicator species
  • seed-origin
  • species diversity
  • Zagros

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