Identification and inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis to Caucasian hackberry (Celtis Caucasica L.) under greenhouse conditions

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, faculty of natural resources, college of agriculture and natural resources, University of Tehran

2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

4 Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Motivated by the general necessity of reforestation in the Zagros forest using native species under limited water resources, this study was conducted on the production of mycorrhizal inoculated-seedlings of Caucasian hackberry (Celtis Caucasica L). Seed samples and rhizosphere were selected from a site in the Chahartagh Ardal of the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Two species of mycorrhizal fungi, namely Funneliformis geosporum andClaroideoglomus etunicatum, showed high frequencies in the rhizosphere of C. Caucasica sites. Following isolation by wet sieve method, identification was done according to morphological properties such as spore size and color, spore-attached ridge, and spore cell wall layers, which led to their first-ever description from rhizospheres of C. caucasica in Iran. Next step was to use trap culture method for culturing spores of mycorrhizal fungus in the greenhouse. After propagation of the species, they were inoculated with C. Caucasica seeds. Growth characteristics and root colonization of the seedlings were then assessed during a period of 6 months. The results demonstrated a significant and positive effect of the mycorrhizal fungi on all traits. For most of the measured traits, the highest value was observed in the combined fungus treatment. Therefore, mychorrhizal seedlings were concluded to be advantageous compared with control seedlings. In addition, the use of mychorrhizal seedlings is concluded as a suitable and cost-effective solution to increase the success rates of afforestation as well as the restoration of degraded areas.

سوم

Keywords

Full Text

سوم

References

- Ali Ahmad Korouri, S., Matinizadeh, M., Teymouri M. and Khoshnevis, M., 2002. Recognition of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Taxus baccata from Vaz forest. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 15(2): 30-35 (In Persian).
- Anonymous, 2013. Meteorological Organization of Iran.
- Benhiba, L., Fouad, M.O., Essahibi, A., Ghoulam, C. and Qaddoury, A., 2015. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis enhanced growth and antioxidant metabolism in date palm subjected to long-term drought. Trees, 29(6): 1725-1733.
- Brundrett, M., Bougher, N., Dell, B., Grove, T. and Malajczuk, N., 1996. Working with Mycorrhizas in Forestry and Agriculture. ACIAR Monograph 32. Australian Center for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia, 374p.
 -Caravaca, F., Barea, J.M., Palenzuela, J., Figueroa, D., Alguacil, M.M. and Roldán, A., 2003. Establishment of shrub species in a degraded semiarid site after inoculation with native or allochthonous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Applied Soil Ecology, 22(2): 103-111.
- Danielsen, L. and Polle, A., 2014. Poplar nutrition under drought as affected by ectomycorrhizal colonization. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 108: 89-98.
 -de-Bashan, L.E., Hernandez, J.P. and Bashan, Y., 2012. The potential contribution of plant growth-promoting bacteria to reduce environmental degradation – A comprehensive evaluation. Applied Soil Ecology, 61: 171-189.
- Estrada, B., Aroca, R., Barea, J.M. and Ruiz-Lozano, J.M., 2013. Native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated from a saline habitat improved maize antioxidant systems and plant tolerance to salinity. Plant Science, 201-202: 42-51.
- Gerdemann, J.W. and Nicolson, T.H., 1963. Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 46(2): 235-244.
- Haghighatnia, H., Nadian, H., Rajali, F. and Tavakoli, A.R., 2013. Effect of two species of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi on vegetative growth and phosphorous uptake of Mexican lime rootstock (Citrus aurantifolia) under drought stress conditions. Seed and Plant Production, 28(4): 403-417 (In Persian).
- Holste, E.K. and Kobe, R.K., 2017. Tree species and soil nutrients drive tropical reforestation more than associations with mycorrhizal fungi. Plant and Soil, 410(1-2): 283-297.
- INVAM, 2018. International Culture Collection of (Vesicular) Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia. Available at: http://invam.wvu.edu/the-fungi.
- Jiménez-Leyva, J.A., Gutiérrez, A., Orozco, J.A., Vargas, G., Esqueda, M., Gardea, A., González-Hernández, V., Sánchez, E. and Muñoz, E., 2017. Phenological and ecophysiological responses of Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum to native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus availability. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 138: 193-202.
- Keneshloo, H., 2016. Forest Plantation in Arid Zones, Volume 2: Introducing Appropriate Species Irano-Turanian Region. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 512p (In Persian).
- Lamb, D., Erskine, P.D. and Parrotta, J.A., 2005. Restoration of degraded tropical forest landscapes. Science, 310(5754): 1628-1632.
- Lara-Pérez, L.A., Noa-Carrazana, J.C., Hernández-González, S., Alarcón-Gutiérrez, E., Sánchez-Velásquez, L.R., Zulueta-Rodríguez, R., Lara-Capistrán, L. and Andrade-Torres, A., 2014. Diversity and colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the tree fern Alsophila firma in rainy and dry season. Symbiosis, 62(3): 143-150.
 -Macedo, M.O., Resende, A.S., Garcia, P.C., Boddey, R.M., Jantalia, C.P., Urquiaga, S., Campello, E.F.C. and Franco, A.A., 2008. Changes in soil C and N stocks and nutrient dynamics 13 years after recovery of degraded land using leguminous nitrogen-fixing trees. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(5-6): 1516-1524.
- Mirzaei, J., Akbarinia, M., Mohamadi Goltapeh, A., Sharifi, M. and Rezaei Danesh, Y., 2011. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi on morphological and physiological characteristics of Pistacia khinjuk under drought stress. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 19(2): 291-300 (In Persian).
 -Mirzaei, J. and Moradi, M., 2017. Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Amygdalus scoparia Spach plantations and a natural stand. Journal of Forestry Research, 28(6): 1209-1217.
- Oliveira, R.S., Vosátka, M., Dodd, J.C. and Castro, P.M.L., 2005. Studies on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the efficacy of two native isolates in a highly alkaline anthropogenic sediment. Mycorrhiza, 16(1): 23-31.
 -Ormeño, M.S., Hervás, S., Amorós, J.Á., Navarro, F.J.G., Gallego, J.C., and Pérez-de-los-Reyes, C., 2016. Soil protection in solar photovoltaic farms by revegetation with mycorrhizal native species. Soil Research, 54(2): 237-241.
 -Ortiz, N., Armada, E., Duque, E., Roldán, A. and Azcón, R., 2015. Contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and/or bacteria to enhancing plant drought tolerance under natural soil conditions: Effectiveness of autochthonous or allochthonous strains. Journal of Plant Physiology, 174: 87-96.
- Phillips, J.M. and Hayman, D.S., 1970. Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 55(1): 158-161.
- Rezaee Danesh, Y., 2013. Study on status of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with barley in Damghan region, Iran. Journal of Plant Protection, 26(4): 437-449 (in Persian).
 -Rokni, N., Goltapeh, M.E. and Alizadeh, A., 2010. Some new recorded species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with sugarcane crop in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Technology, 6(1): 67-78.
- Salehi, A., Matinizadeh, M. and Tamjidi, J., 2012. Investigation on effect of forest plantation of Alnus ghutinosa L. (Gaertn.) and Pinus taeda L. on soil microbial activity and biomass (case study: Geisom site, west of Guilan province, Iran). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 20(2): 334-345 (In Persian).
- Sattarian, A., 2006. Contribution to the biosystematics of Celtis L. (Celtidaceae) with special emphasis on the African species. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 142p.
- Schenck, N.C. and Pérez, Y., 1990. Manual for the Identification of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi (INVAM). Synergistic Publications, University of Florida, Gainesville, 286p.
- Silva, E.M., Maia, L.C., Menezes, K.M.S., Braga, M.B., Melo, N.F. and Yano-Melo, A.M., 2015. Water availability and formation of propagules of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with sorghum. Applied Soil Ecology, 94: 15-20.
- Urgiles, N., Loján, P., Aguirre, N., Blaschke, H., Günter, S., Stimm, B. and Kottke, I., 2009. Application of mycorrhizal roots improves growth of tropical tree seedlings in the nursery: a step towards reforestation with native species in the Andes of Ecuador. New Forests, 38(3): 229-239.
- Zangeneh, S., Shirvani, A.B., Alian, Y.M., Najafi Nia, M., Karampur, F. and Ghale Dezdani, H., 2005. Introduction of some new arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from citrus rhizosphere of Iran. Rostaniha, 6(1): 77-90.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics