The germination response of Tilia platyphyllos stratified seed to irrigation and sowing depth

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 Associate Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University

2 Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University

Abstract

In order to determine the germination rate of Tilia platyphyllos Scop. seed an investigation was carried out in the open field of Natural Resources Faculty of Noor, Tarbiat Modares University (north of Iran). In 0.5 m2 plots and under the shelter, the stratified seeds which were being germinated were sown in 1.5 and 3 cm soil depths and irrigated every day and every two days. The results revealed that contrary to sowing depth, irrigation affected the germination rate. Treatments combination of “Daily irrigation-3 cm sowing depth” and “two-day irrigation-1.5 cm sowing depth” produced the highest and the lowest germination rates, respectively. In each treatment combination, accumulative germination rate enhanced less than one week and did not change afterwards. Generally it can be stated that if for seedling production, Tilia platyphyllos stratified seed (with vernal sowing) is used, treatment combination of “daily irrigation-3 cm sowing depth” (together with shelter), compared to other treatments combination, will produce higher germination rate. This is while that a shelter ensures growing well. The better response can be achieved by earlier sowing (early spring) of germinating seeds. Next investigations will prove this important.
 
germination rate, irrigation, sowing depth, stratification, Tilia platyphyllos Scop.

Keywords

References

- اسپهبدی، ک.، میرزایی ندوشن، ح.، عمادیان، ف.، صباغ، س. و قاسمی، س.، 1381. بررسی اثر عمق کاشت و پوشش حفاظتی خاک در رویاندن بذر بارانک در نهالستان کوهستانی. مجله منابع طبیعی ایران، 55 (1): 55-47.
- بی‌نام، 1381 (الف). جدول حجم گونه های جنگلی شمال کشور. انتشارات سازمان جنگل ها و مراتع کشور، جلد اول، 114 صفحه.
- بی‌نام، 1381 (ب). برنامه کاری نهالستان های تحت مدیریت دفتر جنگل کاری و پارک ها. انتشارات سازمان جنگل ها و مراتع کشور، 10 صفحه.
- توکلی، ا.، 1377. بررسی عمق کاشت بذر گونه های مختلف بلوط. چکیده نتایج طرح‌های تحقیقاتی خاتمه یافته معاونت آموزش و تحقیقات وزارت جهاد کشاورزی، 407 صفحه.
- ثابتی، ح.، 1381. جنگلها، درختان و درختچه‌های ایران. انتشارات دانشگاه یزد، 680 صفحه.
- فرجی پول، ر.، 1383. بررسی اثر تیمارهای مکانیکی، شیمیایی و خاک بر جوانه‌زنی و تولید نهال نمدار. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس،  74 صفحه.
- عصری، م.، 1383. بررسی ویژگی‌های کمی ‌و‌کیفی نهالهای یک ساله بلوط بلند‌مازو (Quercus castaneifolia) در تیمارهای مختلف خاک و آبیاری. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، 106 صفحه.
-Anonymus, 1996. International rules for seed testing [International Seed Testing Association]. Seed Science and Technology, 24 (Suppl.): 335p.
-Browics, K., 1978. Chorology of trees and shrubs in southwest Asia. Institute of Denderology, PolishAcademy of Science. Vol. 1, No.33, 167p.
-Cleary, B.D., Greaves, R.D. and Herman, R.K., 1978. Regenerating OregonForest: A guide for the forest regeneration. OregonStateUniversity Extension Service Corvallis, Oregon. 
-Dirr, M.A. and Heuser, C.W.Jr., 1987. The reference manual of woody plant propagation: from seed to tissue culture. Athens, GA: Varsity Press. 239 p.
-Fowells, H. and Comp, A., 1965. Silvics of forest tree of the United States. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook 271. Washington, DC. 762p.
-Haller, J.M., 1995. Tilia americana, linden: a neglected jewel. Arbor Age, 15(7): 32-33.
-Heit, C.E., 1977. Propagation from seed: 27. Collecting, testing and growing Tilia linden species. American Nurseryman, 146(7): 10-11, 100-110.
-Leibundgut, H., 1984. Unsere Waldbaueme. Verlag Huber. Frauenfeld/Stuttgart, 168p.
-Nilsson, U., Gemmel, P., Lof, M. and Wealander, T., 1996. Germination and early growth of sown Quercus robur L. in relation to soil preparation, sowing depth and prevention against predation. New Forests, Vol: 12, No,1: 69-86.
-Plotnik, A., 2000. The urban tree book an uncommon field guide for city and town. New York. Three Rivers Press, 448p.
-Rehder, A., 1990. Manual of cultivated trees and shrubs hardy in North America. Portland, OR: Dioscorides Press, 996p.
-Savill, P.S., 1991. The silvicultue of trees used in British Forestry. CAB international, Wallingford, UK. 143p.
-Seiwa, K., Watanabe, A., Saitoh T., Kannu, H. and Akasaka, S., 2002. Effects of burying depth and size on seedling establishment of Japanese chestnut, Castanea crenata.Forest Ecology and Management, 146:149-156.
-Thompson, B.E., 2003. Establishing a vigorous nursery crop: bed preparation, seed sowing and early seed growth. Forest Research Laboratory, OregonStateUniversity, Martines Nijhoff/Dr.W.Junk Publishers, 49p.
-Ugurlu, S. and Cevik, I., 1991. Sowing techniques for some oak species in the southern Anatolia. Teknik Bultin Serisi Ormancilik Arastirma Enstitusu Yayinlari, 214, 48p.
-Vanstone, D.E., 1982. Seed germination of American basswood in relation to seed maturity. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 62(3): 709-713.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics