Investigation on agent conifer damping off in the forest nursery of Lakan

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 M.Sc., University of Guilan

2 Associate Prof., faculty of natural resources, University of Guilan

3 Assistant Prof., faculty of natural resources, University of Guilan

4 Assistant Prof., faculty of agriculture, University of Guilan

Abstract

Damping off is one of the prevalent diseases in forest nurseries, which makes sever damages to conifer seedlings every year. Damping off caused to changes in color and curvature of seedling into puteal and become to seedling mortality. This study was executed in order to identify the causes of damping off in conifer seedlings in the nurseries of Lakan in Guilan province. For this purpose, the infected seedlings were collected and transferred to the laboratory for further research. After isolation and purifying the morphologic characteristics, the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the pathogenic agents were studied. The detected isolated pathogens were: Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, Pythium sp., Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., F. oxysporum Schlecht, F. semitectum Berk. & Rav.and Fusarium sp. The all symptoms of pathogens distinguished were similar to the primary contaminated seedling. The obtained results showed that the abundant of Pythiium sp. was higher than the other patogens in Lakan nursery. We can mention that, this is the first report of the presence of Fusariumsemitectum var. majus at the pine trees in the Guilan province in Iran.
 

Keywords

References

- ارشاد، ج.، 1371. گونه‌های فیتوفتورا در ایران (جداسازی- خالص‌سازی- شناسایی). انتشارات سازمان تحقیقات کشاورزی، 217 صفحه.
- حرفه‌دوست، ف.، 1385. بررسی علل بوته‌میری در نهالهای سوزنی‌برگ نهالستان لاکان. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه گیلان، 69 صفحه.
- کاویان‌پی، ع.، 1377. جداسازی و تشخیص قارچهای مولد پوسیدگی ریشه و مرگ گیاهچه و نهال خزانه‌های درختان جنگلی در خوزستان. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز. 92 صفحه.
- میرابوالفتحی، م. و ارشاد، ج.، 1375. بررسی مرگ گیاهچه سوزنی‌برگان در خزانه‌ها و نهالستانهای شمالی و مرکزی کشور. مجله بیماریهای گیاهی، شماره‌های 1 و 2 جلد 32: 26-16.
- Annesi, T., Giovinazzo, M., Motta, E., Perrone, V., 1992. Seed dressing in a forest nursery: trials with Pinus nigra. Italia-Forestale-e-Montana, 47: 5, 268-279.
- Bandoni, R.J., 1979. Safranin as a rapid nuclear stain for fungi. Mycologia 71:873-40.
- Burgess, L.W., 1981. General Ecology. Fusarium: Diseases, Biology and Taxonomy. eds.: Nelson, P.E., Toussoun, T.A.  and Cook, R.J. The PennsylvaniaStateUniversity Press, University Park. 225-235.
- Camporota, P. and Perrin, R., 1998. Characterization of Rhizoctonia species involved in tree seedling damping-off in French forest nurseries. Applied Soil Ecology, 65-71.
- Chin, F.K., 1995. Damping-off in some forest nurseries in Sarawak. Leaflet -Forest-Pathology-Information-Kuching. No. 2-95, 7 p.
- Cram, M.M., 2003. Damping-Off. Tree Planters' Notes, 50(1): 9-13.
- Hartley, C., 1921. Damping-off in forest nurseries. US Dept Agric Bull, 934:1-99.
- Hartley, C., Marrill, T.C. and Rhoads. A.S., 1918. Seedling disease of conifer Agricultural research. [V.s.] 15:521-558.
- Lukezic, F.L. and Kaiser, W.J., 1966. Aero- biology of Fusarium roseum `Gibbosum` associated with crown rot of boxed bananas. Phtopathology, 56: 545-548.
- Menkis, A., Vasiliauskas, R., Taylor, A.F.S., Stenström, E., Stenlid, J. and Finlay, R., 2006. Fungi in decayed roots of conifer seedlings in forest nurseries, afforested clear-cuts and abandoned farmland. Plant Pathology, 55: 117–129.
- Nelson, P.E., Toussoun, T.A. and Marasas, W.F.O., 1983. Fusarium species: An Illastrated Manual for identification. Pennsylvania State Univ. Press, 193 p.
- Niemann, E., Scharif, G. and Mostowfipoor, P., 1968. Bekaempfungsversuche gegen Rhizoctonia- Befall an Pinus- Saemlingen. Entomologie phytopathologie Appliquees, 27: 43-52.
- Parmeter, J.R., Whitney, H.S. and Platt, W.D., 1967. Affinities of some Rhizoctonia species that resemble mycelium of Thanatephorus cucumeris. Phytopath., 57: 218-223.
- Parmeter, J.R., Sherwood, R.T. and Platt, W.D., 1969. Anastomosis grouping among isolates of Thanatephorus cucumeris. Phytopath., 59: 1270-1278.
- Roth, L.F. and Riker A.J., 1943a. Influence of temperature, moisture, and soil reaction on the damping-off of red pine seedlings by Pythium and Rhizoctonia. Journal of Agricultural Research, 67: 273-293.
- Roth, L.F. and Riker A.J., 1943b. Seasonal development in the nursery of damping-off of red pine seedlings caused by Pythium and Rhizoctonia. Journal of Agricultural Research, 67: 417431.
- Schmitthenner, A.F., 1973. Isolation and identification methods for Phytophthora and Pythium. pp. 94-110. In Proc. Woody Ornamental Dis. Workshop. Lst, 24-25 January 1973, Univ.Mo, Columbia, 128 p.
- Sneh, B., Burpee, L.L. and Ogoshi, A., 1991. Identification of Rhizoctonia species. APS Press, 133 p.
- Soni, K.K., Kalyani, K.B. and Rishi, R.R., 1991. Two new diseases of Acacia holosericea from India. My forest. 27(1): 62-64.
- Wright, E., 1957. Influence of temperature and moisture on damping-off of American and Siberian elm, black locust and desert willow. Phytopathology, 47:658-662.
- Xue, A.G., 2003. Biological control of pathogens causing root rot complex in field pea using Clonostachys rosea strain ACM941. Phytopathology, 93: 329-335.
- Zakeri, A. and Banihashemi, Z., 1993. Fungi associated with Pine and Cupressus root rot in Fars province. Proc. 11th Plant protect. cong. Rasht, Iran. 248 p.
- Zaspel, I. and Suss, R., 1992. Biological control of damping-off in Pinus sylvestris L. with bacterial antagonists. Bulletin-OILB-SROP. 15 (1): 118-120.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics