Morphology and germination characteristics of Quercus brantii Lindl. acorns in nursery

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Forestry, University of Tarbiat Modares

2 Associate Prof., University of Tarbiat Modares

3 Assistant Prof., Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Mazandaran province

4 Senior Research Expert, Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Fars province

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study the effect of seed source on morphology, emergence and early vigor characteristics of Quercus brantii Lindl. acorns. The acorns were collected from 4 forest habitats (seed sources) in southern Zagros (provinces of Kohkilouyeh-Bouyer Ahmad and Fars), located in elevations of 850, 1100, 1500 and 2100 m a.s.l. and planted as randomized completely design with three replications in nursery of Shahid Rousta (Ab-baric of Fars, 1700 m.a.s.l.). Results indicated that seed source significantly affected morphologic characteristics of acorns (length, width and weight), emergence (emergence percentage, emergence rate and mean time of emergence), seedling growth parameters (shoot length, shoot dry weight, leaf dry weight and leaf area) (p<0.01). The greatest shoot length, leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight, leaf area and seedling vigor index were related to low elevation seed source (850 m.a.s.l.). Correlation of seed origin with mean time of emergence was significantly positive (p>0.01) and with other seed traits was significantly negative (p>0.01). Since emergence, emergence rate, mean time of emergence, shoot length and seedling vigor index are considered as assessment criteria for seed vigor index in early growth stages, it can be suggested that low elevation seed source has highest early vigor.

Keywords

References

- اسپهبدی، ک.، میرزایی ندوشن، ح.، طبری، م. و اکبری‌نیا، م.، 1385- الف. بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی بارانک (Sorbus torminalis L. Crantz.) از طریق بررسی صفات میوه. فصلنامه تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران، 11 (2): 217-201.
- اسپهبدی، ک.، میرزایی ندوشن، ح.، طبری، م.، اکبری‌نیا، م.، و دهقان‌شورکی، ی.، 1385- ب. اثر ارتفاع از سطح دریای مبدا بذر بر رویاندن بذر بارانک. مجله منابع طبیعی ایران، 59 (1): 112-103.
- بی‌نام، 1385. آمار هواشناسی ایستگاه‌ها، انتشارات سازمان آب منطقه‌ای فارس.
- تقوائی، م.، 1385. بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی در مرحله پر شدن دانه بر خصوصیات اکوفیزیولوژیک بذر جو (Hordium vulgare L.). رساله دکتری دانشگاه تهران. 158 صفحه.
- طبری، م.، یوسف‌زاده، ح.، اسپهبدی، ک.، و جلالی، غ.، 1385. اثر مبدأ بذر روی زی‌توده و رشد اولیه افرا (Acer velutinum Boiss.). پژوهش و سازندگی، 73: 194-189.
- یوسف‌زاده، ح.، طبری، م.، جلالی، غ. و اسپهبدی، ک.، 1386. اثر مبدأ بذر روی جوانه‌زنی، رشد و زنده‌مانی پلت (Acer velutinum Boiss.) در نهالستان کوهستانی سنگده (شمال ایران). مجله منابع طبیعی ایران، 60 (3): 970-963.
- Abdul-Baki, A.A. and Anderson, J.D., 1973. Vigor determination in Soybean by multiple criteria. Crop Science, 13: 630-633.
- Agrawal, P.K. and Dadlani, M., 1992. Techniques in seed science and Technology. South Asian Publishers, 210 p.
- Anonymous, 1993. International rules for seed testing. International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). Seed Sci. Technol., 21 (Suppl. Rules), 258 p.
- Bonfil, C., 1998. The effect of seed size, cotyledon reserves and herbivory on seedling survival and growth in Quercus rugosa and Quercus laurina. American Journal of Botany, 85 (1): 79-87.
- Bonner, F.T. and Vozzo, J.A., 1987. Seed biology and technology of Quercus. Southern Forest Experiment Station, General Technical Report, SO-66, 26 p.
- Cecil, P. and Fare, D., 2002. Effects of seed source on first year growth of Quercus phellos and Quercus shumardii. SNA Research Conference Proceedings, 47: 295-299.
- Chauhan, S., Negi, A.K. and Todaria, N.P., 1996. Effect of provenance variation and temperature on seed germination of Alnus nepalensis. Plant physiology and Biochemistry, 23 (1): 94–95.
- Cochran, W.G. and Cox, G.M., 1957. Experimental Design. Wiley and Sons, New York. 287 p.
- Deans, D.J. and Harvey, J.F., 1995. Phenologies of sixteen European provenance of Sessile oak growing in Scotland. Forestry, 68: 3-8.
- Ginwal, H.S., Phartyal, S.S., Rawat, P.S. and Srivastava, R.L., 2005. Seed Source Variation in Morphology, Germination and Seedling Growth of Jatropha curcas Linn. in Central India. Silvae Genetica, 54 (2): 76-80.
- Gomez, J.M., 2004. Bigger Is Not Always Better: Conflicting Selective Pressures on Seed Size in Quercus ilex. Evolution, 58 (1): 71-80.
- Hampton, G.C. and Tekrony, D.M., 1995. Handbook of vigor test methods (3rd ed.). International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). Zurich, Swirztland, 117 p.
- Isik, K., 1986. Altitudinal variation in Pinus brutia Ten, seed and seedling characteristics. Silvae Genetica, 35: 2-3.
- Kim, S.H., Choe, Z.R. and Kang, Y.H., 1987. Vigor determination in barely seed by the multiple criteria. Korean Journal of Crop Science, 32 (4): 417-424.
- Kormanik, P.P., Sung, S.S., Kormanik, T.L., Schlarbaum, S.E. and Zarnoch, S.G., 1998. Effect of acorn size on development of northern red oak 1-0 seedlings. Can. J. For. Res., 28: 1805-1813.
- Kundu, S.K. and Tigerstedt, P.M.A., 1997. Geographic Variation in seed and seedling Traits of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) Among Ten Populations Studied in Growth Chamber. Silvae Genetica, 46: 129-137.
- Lehtila, K. and Ehrlen, J., 2005. Seed Size as an Indicator of Seed Quality: A Case Study of Primula veris. Acta Oecologica, 28: 207-212.
- Mamo, N., Mihretu, M., Fekadu, M., Tibagu, M. and Teketay, D., 2006. Variation in seed and germination characteristics among Juniperus procera populations in Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management, 225: 320-327.
- Masaka, K., 2003. Preliminary Study of Geographic Trends in Acorn Mass and Seedling Emergence Behavior of Quercus dentate in Hokkaido, Northern, Japan. Hokkaido Forestry Research Institute, Bibai, Hokkaido, Japan. 30 p.
- Schultz, R.C. and Thompson, J.R., 1992. Hardwood seedling root morphology and nursery practices. In: Branan, J., Moorhead, D. Comps. Proceedings, Southern Forest Nursery Association Conference, 1992, July, 20-23, Pine Mountaine, GA. Macon, GA: Georgia Forestry Commission and Southern Forest Nursery Association, 31–53.
- Tilki, F. and Alptekin, C.U., 2005. Variation in Acorn Characteristics in Three Provenance of Quercus aucheri Jaub. et Spach and Provenance, Temperature and Storage Effects on Acorn Germination. Seed Sci. and Technol., 33: 441-447.
- Todaria, N.P. and Negi, A.K., 1995. Effect of elevation and temperature on seed germination of some Himalayan tree species. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 22 (2): 178–182.
- Wulff, R.D., 1995. Environmental maternal effects on seed quality and germination. In: Kigel, J. and Galili, G. (Eds.), Seed Development and Germination. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York/Basel/Hong Kong: 491–505.
Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research
Volume 17, Issue 4 - Serial Number 38
January 2010
Pages 533-523

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics