تأثیر زئولیت بر آب‌شویی نیترات، پایداری خاکدانه و رویش نهال بلندمازو (.Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده منابع‌‌ طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع ‌‌طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

4 استاد، گروه تحقیقاتی تغییر اقلیم، دانشکده علوم خاک و تغذیه گیاه، دانشگاه گایزنهایم، گایزنهایم، آلمان

چکیده

     زئولیت به‌‌دلیل خواص منحصربه‌فرد برای افزایش پایداری، سلامت و بهره‌وری خاک اهمیت دارد. این ماده اصلاحی موجب بهبود ویژگی‌‌های خاک، وضعیت تغذیه‌ای و رویشی گیاه می‌شود. در پژوهش پیش‌‌رو، به‌‌‌‌منظور بررسی اثرات اصلاحی زئولیت از روش گلدانی با نهال‌‌های بلندمازو (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey) استفاده شد. زئولیت در سطوح صفر (شاهد)، پنج، 10 و 15 درصد وزنی به‌کار برده شد. برای اندازه‌‌‌‌گیری آب‌شویی نیترات از تیمار اوره (به‌‌عنوان منبع نیتروژن) به  مقدار 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار یا 0/5 درصد وزنی استفاده شد. مشخصه‌‌های رویشی نهال‌‌ها شامل ارتفاع، قطر یقه، زی‌‌توده‌ ریشه، ساقه، برگ و کل در انتهای دوره اندازه‌‌گیری شدند. ویژگی‌‌های تغذیه‌ای برگ (نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم)، ویژگی‌‌های خاک (ازت، فسفر، پتاسیم، کربن، اسیدیته، هدایت الکتریکی و درصد رطوبت نسبی) و نمایه‌های پایداری خاکدانه (میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه، میانگین هندسی قطر خاکدانه، بعد فراکتال، درصد خاکدانه‌‌های پایدار در آب، درجه دانه‌بندی و وضعیت دانه‌بندی) بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از زئولیت باعث افزایش معنی‌‌دار رویش قطری و ارتفاعی، زی‌توده و بهبود عناصر تغذیه‌ای خاک و برگ نهال‌‌های بلندمازو و همچنین بهبود نمایه‌های پایداری خاکدانه شد. یافته‌های پژوهش پیش‌‌رو حاکی از آن بود که اضافه کردن پنج درصد زئولیت با کاهش آب‌شویی نیترات و افزایش پایداری خاکدانه‌‌ها، موجب افزایش رویش نهال‌‌ها می‌‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of zeolite on nitrate leaching, aggregate stability and growth of Chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey.) seedlings

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Amirahmadi 1
  • S. M. Hojjati 2
  • P. Beparva 3
  • C. Kammann 4
1 Ph.D. Student of Forest Ecology and Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
2 Corresponding author, Associate Prof, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
3 Assistant Prof, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
4 Prof, Working Group for Climate Change Research, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
چکیده [English]

 With its unique properties, zeolite is important as a soil amendment in increasing the stability, health and soil productivity, and thus improves soil properties and plant nutritional and vegetative status. In this research, a potted method was used with chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey.) seedlings. Zeolite was used at levels of 0 (control), 5, 10 and 15 wt%. To measure nitrate leaching, urea treatment was used as a nitrogen source of 0.5% by weight. Growth parameters of seedlings including height, basal diameter, biomass of root, stem, leaf and total were measured at the end of the period. The nutritional characteristics of leaf (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), soil characteristics (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carbon, pH, electrical conductivity, relative humidity) and aggregate stability indices including mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), fractal dimension (D), water aggregate stability (WSA), degree of aggregate (DOA) and station of aggregate (SOA) were measured at the end of the period. Results showed that the use of zeolite significantly increased the height, collar diameter and total biomass of plant and improvement of soil and leaf nutrients, as well as soil aggregate stability indexes. The findings of this study confirm that adding 5% zeolite have desirable effects on preventing nitrate leaching and increasing soil aggregate stability and oak seedling growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nutritional status
  • potted seedlings
  • soil amendment
  • soil fertility
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