کیفیت شیمیایی خاکستر لاشریزه ناشی از آتش‌‌سوزی کف جنگل برودار (Quercus brantii Lindl) در منطقه دره‌‌وران مریوان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگل‌‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

     آتش منجر به تجمع خاکستر در خاک سطحی می‌شود که می‌تواند اثرات عمیقی بر چرخه بیوشیمیایی عناصر در بوم‌سازگان برجای بگذارد. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی برخی ویژگی‌های شیمیایی خاکستر لاشریزه درختی و پوشش علفی حاصل از آتش‌سوزی در کف جنگل و تعیین روند تغییرات این ویژگی‌ها از زیر تاج درختان برودار (Querucs brantii Lindl.) به‌سمت خارج تاج بود. برای این منظور، بلافاصله پس از رخداد آتش در تابستان سال 1395 در منطقه دره‌‌وران شهرستان مریوان، از خاکستر به‌جای‌مانده نمونه‌‌برداری شد. خط‌نمونه‌ای به طول 300 متر در روی خط تراز پیاده شد و در هر 30 متر، نزدیک‌ترین درخت برودار انتخاب شد. در مورد هر درخت انتخابی، سه نمونه خاکستر به‌ترتیب در فاصله 1/5 متری از تنه، مرز تاج و پنج متری تاج (در جایی که بین درختان قرار می‌گرفت) برداشت و پس از انتقال به آزمایشگاه، ویژگی‌های شیمیایی آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش فاصله از تنه درخت، مقدار کربن، نیتروژن و فسفر خاکستر به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. کلسیم و منیزیم خاکستر با حرکت به‌سمت فضای بین درختان، کاهشی معنی‌‌دار داشتند، اما پتاسیم به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. هدایت الکتریکی و اسیدیته خاکستر نیز از سمت تنه به خارج تاج درختان کاهش پیدا کرد. به‌طور کلی، می‌‌توان گفت که به‌دلیل تفاوت در مقدار بقایای گیاهی تجمع‌یافته، با حرکت از تنه درخت به‌سمت فضای بین درختان، شدت آتش رخداده کمتر شده و در نتیجه اثرات متفاوتی بر ویژگی‌‌های خاکستر به‌جای گذاشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Litter ash chemical properties of wildfire in forest floor of Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) in Darehvaran area, Marivan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Hosseini 1
  • Kiomars Mohammadi Samani 1
  • Leila Morad Mirvani 2
1 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 M.Sc. Student of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

   Wildfire leads to accumulation of ash in the surface soil, which it can have effect on the biochemical cycle of elements in the ecosystem. The goal of this study was to investigate some ash chemical properties of wildfire in litter of the Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) and vegetation of forest floor and determination gradiant from beneath of tree crown to the outside of the tree crown. Ash samples were collected immediately after forest wildfire in the summer 2016 in the Darehvaran area in Marivan. One transect was installed on a couner line with 300 m long on burnt slope. Ten Brant`s oak trees were selected at 30 meters intervals. Three samples of ash were collected in each tree. The 3 positions of ash samples including: at a distance of 1.5 meters from the base trunk, tree crown border and five-meters far from tree crown. Chemical properties of ash samples were measured in laboratory. The results showed that the content of C, N and P of ash increased significantly with movement from tree trunk to outside. The content of Ca and Mg of ash decreased signifcanly by moving from tree trunks toward the spaces between them, but the amount of K increased signifcantly. The EC and the pH of the ash decreased from the trunk side to the outside of the tree crown. In general, it seems that intensity of the wildfire decreased by moving from the tree trunk to the space between the trees because of the difference in the amount of litter accumulated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calsium
  • fire
  • Kurdistan province
  • magnesium
  • Northern Zagros forests

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