سازگاری و عملکرد گونه‌های صنعتی اکالیپتوس در استان بوشهر (دشتستان)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران

2 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران

4 مربی پژوهش، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

5 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قزوین، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش پیش‌رو با هدف بررسی سازگاری و عملکرد گونه‌های صنعتی اکالیپتوس در استان بوشهر انجام شد. نهال‌های یک‌ساله چهار گونه از اکالیپتوس شامل Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.، E. rubida H. Deane & Maiden، E. grandis W. Hill و E. saligna Sm. در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی شبانکاره شهرستان دشتستان در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی با چهار تیمار و سه تکرار و تعداد 49 نهال در هر واحد آزمایش با فاصله کاشت 5×5 متر کشت شدند. عملیات آبیاری و نگهداری نهال‌ها به مقدار مورد نیاز انجام شد. در سال اول، زنده‌‌مانی نهال‌ها هر سه ماه یک‌بار و از سال دوم به بعد، یک‌بار در سال بررسی شد. همچنین، متغیرهای قطر یقه، قطر برابر سینه، ارتفاع و قطر تاج نهال‌ها اندازه‌گیری شدند. پس از چهار سال نتایج نشان داد که E. camaldulensis  از نظر زنده‌مانی و صفات قطر یقه، قطر برابر سینه، مساحت تاج، حجم در هکتار و میانگین رویش حجمی در سال نسبت به گونه‎های دیگر عملکرد بهتری داشت و E. saligna در رتبه دوم قرار گرفت، به­طوری ‌که تفاوت آن‌ها در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد معنی‎دار بود. همچنین، دو گونه دیگر یعنی E. rubida وE. grandis به‌دلیل تنش‎های خشکی و گرمای زیاد در تابستان سال اول از بین رفتند. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، کاشت E. camaldulensis در مناطق جنوبی کشور با آب‌وهوایی مانند استان بوشهر به‌همراه انجام پژوهش‌های بیشتر در مورد پروونانس‌های این گونه پیشنهاد می‎شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on adaptability and performance of industrial Eucalyptus species in Dashtestan, Bushehr province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Musa Sadeghi 1
  • Hossein Sardabi 2
  • Hasan Kazerooni 3
  • Mohammad Ali Sharifi 4
  • Naser Farrar 1
  • Saeid Rashvand 5
1 Assistant Prof., Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Research Expert, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bushehr, Iran
4 Senior Research Expert, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
5 Assistant Prof., Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Qazvin Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research was carried out to study the adaptability and performance of four Eucalyptus spp. species in Bushehr province. For this purpose, one- year- old seedlings of four species, including Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh, E. rubida H. Deane & Maiden, E. grandis W. Hill and E. saligna Sm. were planted under randomized complete blocks design, using 49 seedlings per plot at 5 × 5 m spacing at Shabankareh Research Station, Dashtestan, Bushehr province, in late February. All trees were irrigated, protected and enumerated each three months in the first year after plantation. Survived trees were counted and measured at the end of each year from second year on. Diameter at breast height (DBH), collar diameter, total height and crown diameter were measured to evaluate tree performance. Results showed that E. camaldulensis had the highest survival, height, DBH, crown area, standing stock volume and volume increment rates, followed by E. saligna. Application of Duncan test showed significant differences among species in terms of their survival and growth performance (α = 5%). Furthermore, E. rubida and E. grandis completely died at the end of first year of cultivation due to drought and high temperature stress in June and July. Based on these results, E. camaldulensis was suggested for plantation in similar sites in the south of Iran and further research was recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crown area
  • diameter at breast height
  • E. camaldulensis
  • E. rubida
  • height
  • survival

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