Investigating local communities' perception indicators of ecosystem services and the importance of Iran's mangrove forests

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Natural Resources Faculty, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, ‎Iran

2 Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, ‎Iran‎

3 Ph.D., Department of Environment, Natural Resources of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Mangrove forests provide a wide range of goods and ecosystem services for human societies. These valuable resources play an important role in creating suitable conditions for the development of economic and social activities. Therefore, examining local communities' perceptions of these services can provide valuable guidance for the protection and sustainable use of these natural ecosystems. Accordingly, the present study investigated the level of perception of local communities regarding the ecosystem services provided by Iran's mangrove forests.
Methodology: Data were collected using a survey approach through questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. Data analysis was conducted using quantitative methods and descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS v22.0. The validity of the study was assessed using structural and face validity methods, and reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.92). The statistical population consisted of local communities, and a sample size of 400 respondents was selected. Sampling was conducted using a cluster sampling method, considering the population share of each village, and was systematically stratified by gender.
Results: Approximately 34% of the livelihoods of local communities were directly dependent on Iran's mangrove forests, and more than 60% of respondents believed that the destruction of these forests would threaten their livelihoods. Furthermore, analysis of local communities' perceptions of the cultural services of mangrove forests indicated a high level of awareness, largely due to their dependence on these forests for meeting daily needs and their strong sense of place associated with living near these valuable natural habitats. The results regarding the direct and indirect dimensions of cultural services also showed that the dimensions of sense of place and inspiration, cultural diversity, and social relations have positive and direct effects on local communities. Therefore, increasing awareness and enhancing stakeholders' understanding of the ecological services and sensitivities of these valuable natural habitats are essential for preserving forest lands and strengthening the protection of these resources.
Conclusion: Iran's mangrove forests are among the country's most important natural resources, providing a variety of ecosystem functions and services, particularly cultural services that support human well-being. Therefore, understanding local communities' knowledge and perceptions is critical for their effective protection, planning, and management. Continued access to forest ecosystem services requires greater stakeholder participation and awareness. By improving understanding of the ecological importance and sensitivities of these ecosystems, pressure on natural resources can be reduced, while fostering more positive attitudes toward the conservation of forest lands and the long-term protection of these valuable resources.

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References

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