تأثیر ماده آلی بر ویژگیهای خاک جاده های جنگلی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری

2 هیات علمی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

آگاهی از ویژگی‌های مکانیکی و فنی خاک برای انجام عملیات جاده‌سازی، مدیریت بهینه عرصه­های جنگلی و اجرای عملی طرح­های جنگلداری ضروریست. یکی از مهم‌ترین اصول ساخت جاده‌های جنگلی، جلوگیری از مخلوط‌شدن مواد آلی با مصالح جاده در زمان عملیات خاکبرداری و خاکریزی است که اغلب نادیده گرفته می‌شود. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر ماده‌آلی بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و مکانیکی خاک و تعیین رابطه مقدار ماده‌آلی و تغییر ویژگی‌های موردنظر است. از آنجاکه هزینه‌های اقتصادی و زیست‌‌محیطی ساخت جاده‌های جنگلی بسیار بالا است، تعیین عامل‌هایی که بر اندازه موفقیت این عملیات تأثیرگذارند، بسیار مهم است. این پژوهش بر روی نمونه خاک جنگل آموزشی پژوهشی خیرود (بخش نم‌خانه)، انجام شد. خاک موردنیاز، با حفر پروفیل و ماده‌آلی موردنیاز، از بقایای درختان و لاشبرگ موجود در کف جنگل تهیه شد. خاک با تیمارهای مختلف ماده آلی (0 درصد، 5 درصد، 10 درصد و 15 درصد وزنی) مخلوط و آزمایش‌های دانه‌بندی، حدود آتربرگ و CBR بر روی نمونه‌ها انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مقدار ماده‌آلی، حدود روانی و خمیری افزایش و CBR کاهش پیدا می‌کند که بیان‌گر رابطه منفی مقدار ماده‌آلی و نسبت باربری (ترافیک‌پذیری) خاک است. نتایج این پژوهش به‌خوبی تأثیر منفی ماده‌آلی بر ویژگی‌های فنی خاک و درنتیجه ضرورت عدم اختلاط ماده آلی با خاک، در هنگام عملیات خاکی را نشان می‌دهد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of organic matter on soil properties of forest roads

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shojaat Babapour 1
  • Ehsan Abdi 2
  • Baris Majnounian 2
  • Ghavamoddin Zahedi Amiri 2
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Knowledge on physical and mechanical properties of soil is necessary for forest road construction and in turn for optimal forest management. Avoiding a mixture of organic matter with soil is considered as being principal in constructing forest roads which is, however, often neglected. Therefore, quantifying the consequences of such mixture can help optimizing the high economic and environmental costs associated with road constructions. The aim of this study was to assess if and how the level of organic matter affects the physical and mechanical properties of soil on forest roads. To this aim, soil samples were collected by profile excavation. Organic matter was collected from residual and litter layer of forest floor. Different mixtures of organic matter with soil were tested (0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of weight), followed by Atterberg limits and CBR tests conducted on the samples. Results showed that increasing organic matter content would increase plastic and liquid limits, which in turn increases the CBR values. Results also showed a significant negative effect of organic matter on soil engineering properties. Therefore, it necessitates a separation between the organic matter and soil during forest road construction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Atterberg limits
  • CBR
  • forest road construction
  • soil properties

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