مقایسه کمی و کیفی چهار توده صنوبر دلتوئیدس‏‏ (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh) در استان‌های گیلان و مازندران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

3 استاد، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

4 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

چکیده

DOR: 98.1000/1735-0883.1397.26.368.73.3.1605.1606
 
به‌منظور مقایسه کمی و کیفی صنوبر دلتوئیدس (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh) که مهم‌‏ترین گونه مورد استفاده زراعت چوب در شمال کشور است، چهار توده صنوبرکاری از کلن P. d. 69/55‏‏‏‏ در اراضی جلگه‌‏‏ای استان‏‏‌های گیلان و مازندران انتخاب شد. در هر عرصه به‌روش تصادفی- منظم، قطعه‌‏‏‏‏نمونه‌های مربعی به مساحت 400 متر مربع برداشت شد. سپس مشخصه‏‏‌های کمی و کیفی درختان اندازه‏‏‌گیری و ویژگی‏‏‌های خاک مطالعه شد. همچنین، میانگین رویش سالانه حجم درخت با بیشترین ضریب تغییرات به‌عنوان شاخص مقایسه برای تعیین عوامل اصلی تأثیرگذار بر رشد و تولید در چهار توده درنظر گرفته شد. میانگین قطر درخت در شیرکلا و چمستان استان مازندران (به‌ترتیب 42/9 و 39/1  سانتی‏‏‌متر) نسبت به دو منطقه داوودمزار و هفت‏‏‌دغنان استان گیلان (به‌ترتیب 27/9 و 28/7 سانتی‌متر) دارای اختلاف معنی‏‏‌دار بود. رویش حجمی در چمستان و شیرکلا (به‌ترتیب 34/4 و 22/5 متر مکعب در هکتار) نسبت به رویش حجمی توده‌‏‏های صنوبر داوودمزار و هفت‏‏‌دغنان (به‌ترتیب 17/17 و 17/03 متر مکعب در هکتار) با اختلاف معنی‏‏‌داری بیشتر بود. رویش حجمی سالانه هر درخت بین دو منطقه، تفاوت معنی‏‏‌داری داشت، به‌طوری‌‌که این متغیر در مناطق شیرکلا و چمستان (به‌ترتیب 0/089 و 0/074 متر مکعب) بیشتر از هفت‌‏‏دغنان و داوودمزار (به‌ترتیب 0/036 و 0/031 متر مکعب) بود. از این پژوهش نتیجه‌گیری شد که در مناطق اقلیمی خیلی مرطوب و مرطوب استان‏‏‌های گیلان و مازندران که شرایط برای رویش صنوبر مناسب است، در خاک‌های دارای بافت سبک و متوسط که مقدار سیلت بیشتر از 47 درصد و اسیدیته اندکی بیشتر از خنثی است، صنوبر دلتوئیدس رویش بیشتری داشت. پیشنهاد می‏‏‌شود که پژوهش‌های مشابه در خصوص رقم‌های مختلف صنوبر در شرایط اقلیمی و خاکی متفاوت این مناطق انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Quantitative and qualitative study and index choice to compare four eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh) stands in Gilan and Mazandaran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jamshid Mokhtari 1
  • Ali Soltani 2
  • Masoud Tabari Kocheksaraee 3
  • Seyyed Ehsan Sadati 4
1 Ph.D. Student of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Geosciences, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Geosciences, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
3 Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
4 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to compare the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh) trees that are the most common ones for wood culture in north of Iran, four P. deltoides stands with clone of 69/55 were selected in lowlands of Gilan (Davoodmazar and Haftdaghanan) and Mazandaran (Shirkola and Chamestan) provinces. In each stand, with method of random – systematic, samples of 400 m² were designed to measure the trees and soils. Likewise, the mean annual volume increment with highest coefficient of variation (CV) was considered as Comparison Index for determining the main affecting factors on growth and yield in four Populus stands. The mean diameter of trees in Shirkola (42.9 cm) and Chamestan (39.1 cm) was greater than that in Davoodmazar (27.9 cm) and Haftdaghanan (28.7 cm). The mean volume increment of tree in two province was significantly different, whereas in areas of Chamestan (34.4 m³/ha) and Shirkola (22.5 m³/ha) was greater than that in Davoodmazar (17.17 m³/ha) and Haftdaghanan (17.03 m³/ha). The mean annual volume increment of each tree was bigger in Shirkola (0.089 m³) and Chamestan (0.074 m³) compared to Haftdaghanan (0.036 m³) and Davoodmazar (0.031 m³). It can be deduced that in areas with very humid to humid climates of Gilan and Mazandaran which have favorable conditions for growth of Populus trees, soil texture is light to moderate with a silt content of more than 47% and pH higher than neutral, Populus deltoides growth is higher. The similar investigations with other clones of Populus in northern provinces of Iran with different climates are recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Annual volume increment
  • Populus
  • soil texture
  • wood farming

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