اثر رطوبت خاک و سایه بر رویش و تخصیص زی‌توده نهال‌های بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

4 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان

5 دانشیار پژوهش، گروه مهندسی بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده مهندسی انرژی و فناوری‌های نوین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

پژوهش پیش‌رو به‌منظور بررسی اثر رطوبت خاک و نیز سایبان‌های مصنوعی بر روند رشد، تولید و تسهیم زی‌توده در اندام‎های مختلف نهال بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) در ایستگاه تحقیقات البرز کرج انجام شد. نهال‎های بنه به‎مدت شش ماه از خرداد تا آذرماه 1393 تحت تیمارهای رطوبت خاک (در سه سطح 100، 50 و 20 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و سایبان مصنوعی (در سه سطح 100، 50 و 30 درصد نور کامل) در قالب طرح کرت‎های خردشده با پایه بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که عامل رطوبت خاک اثر معنی‌داری بر ارتفاع، قطر یقه و زی‌توده تر و خشک ساقه و برگ و زی‌توده تر کل داشت. رژیم سایبان به‌طور معنی‌داری باعث کاهش ارتفاع، زی‌توده خشک ریشه و کل و نسبت زی‌توده تر ریشه به کل شد. براساس نتایج، نهال‎های بنه در سطوح مختلف رطویت رفتار متفاوتی نسبت به سایه از خود نشان دادند، به‌ویژه افزایش سایه باعث کاهش معنی‌دار ارتفاع، زی‌توده تر برگ و نسبت زی‌توده تر ریشه به اندام هوایی در رطوبت کامل و افزایش این مشخصه‌ها در نهال‌های تحت تنش شد. بررسی روند تغییرات مشخصه‌ها تحت سطوح مختلف رطوبت و نور نشان داد که سایه در حالت بروز تنش خشکی برای نهال‎های بنه کمک‌کننده بوده است و باعت کاهش عوارض ناشی از تنش خشکی بر این گونه ‌شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impacts of soil humidity and shade on growth and biomass allocation of wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) saplings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hossein Sadeghzadeh Hallaj 1
  • Davoud Azadfar 2
  • Hossein Mirzaei Nodoushan 3
  • Mohammad Hossein Arzanesh 4
  • Masoud Tohidfar 5
1 Ph.D. Student Forest Ecology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 Associate Prof., Department of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Grogan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 Prof., Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
4 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Soil and Water, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization
5 Associate Prof, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of New Technologies and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده [English]

A study on the impacts of soil humidity and artificial shading on growth, biomass production and its allocation to different organs of wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.)saplings was carried out in Alborz research station complex (Karaj, Iran). One year seedlings were treated by soil humidity (20, 50 and 100 percent of field capacity) and shading (100, 70 and 50 percent of full sunlight) factors in a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design from June to December 2014. Results showed significant impact of oil humidity on height, collar diameter, fresh and dry biomass of leaves and stem as well as on total fresh biomass. Shade significantly decreased height, root and total dry biomass and root to shoot fresh biomass ratio. Moreover, wild pistachio saplings with different soil humidity treatments show different responses to shade. In particular, shade significantly decreases height, fresh leaves biomass and R/S fresh biomass ratio for well-irrigated saplings and increases these parameters for saplings under drought stress. Response trends of different parameters under humidity × shade treatments showed that shade can reduce undesirable effects of drought stress on wild pistachio saplings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • height
  • organ
  • Pistacia atlantica
  • biomass
  • Collar diameter

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