ارزیابی رشد نهال‌های نسل اول (F1) دورگ‌های بید در خزانه آزمایشی کرج

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

2 مربی پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

3 کارشناس ارشد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

چکیده

درختان بید (Salix L.) به‌طور طبیعی در حاشیه رودخانه‌ها و دره‌ها در استان‌های کشور انتشار دارند که نقش ارزنده‌ای در حفاظت اراضی حاشیه رودخانه‌ای و تولید زی‌توده ایفا می‌کنند. هدف از پژوهش پیش‌رو ارزیابی رشد نهال‌های دورگ‌های به‌دست‌آمده از تلاقی سه گونه بید و مقایسه آنها با والد بود. نهال‌های دورگ به‌دست‌آمده از تلاقیS. alba x S. alba ، S. alba x S. fragilis و S. alba x S. excelsانتخاب و در فروردین 1391 به مزرعه منتقل شدند. در مرحله اول، دورگ‌های برتر براساس ویژگی‌های رویشی انتخاب شدند و در مرحله دوم ارزیابی نهال‌های دورگ به‌همراه نهال‌های والد آنها از طریق کاشت قلمه انجام شد. صفات رویشی در هر دو مرحله شامل زنده‌مانی، قطر در ارتفاع 30 سانتی‌متری از زمین، ارتفاع، تعداد شاخه‌های بلندتر از نیم متر و ویژگی کیفی ساقه بود. نتایج نشان داد که هفت دورگ از تلاقی S. alba x S. alba، هفت دورگ از تلاقی S. alba x S. excelsو دو دورگ از تلاقی S. alba x S. fragilisاز رشد قطری و ارتفاعی و نیز فرم ساقه مناسبی برخودار بودند. میانگین رشد قطری و ارتفاعی دورگ‌های کاشته‌شده از طریق قلمه نشان داد که دو کلن دورگ S. alba x S. albaبا بیشتر از 7/1 سانتی‌متر قطر و دو متر ارتفاع بیشترین رشد را نسبت به والد داشتند. همچنین چهار کلن دورگ از تلاقی S. alba x S. excelsو یک دورگ از تلاقی S. alba x S. fragilisاز نظر رشد در گروه اول قرار گرفتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Growth assessment of F1 hybrid salix seedlings in Karaj experimental site

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Calagari 1
  • Rafatollah Ghasemi 2
  • Reza Bagheri 3
1 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
2 Senior Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
3 Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
چکیده [English]

Willow (Salixsp.) is one of the main trees occurring within valleys, plains and the river margins in Iran. The aim of study was to evaluate and compare the growth of willow hybrids and parents. Therefore, hybrid seedlings from S. alba (female) x S. alba (male), S. alba x S. excels and S. alba x S. fragilis crosses were planted in the field in April 2012. In first stage, superior hybrids were selected based on growth characteristics. In the second stage hybrid seedlings and parents were tested by planting cuttings (5 cuttings for each hybrid and parents) in the nursery. Growth traits such as survival rate, collar diameter, height, number of branches and stem form were measured at the end of growth season. Measuring growth characteristics of hybrids showed that 7 hybrids from S. alba x S. alba , 7 hybrids form S. alba x S. excelsa and 2 hybrids from S. alba x S. fragilis crosses were associated with straight stem form as well as the highest diameter and height growth. The average diameter and height growth of hybrid seedlings from planted cuttings cuttings showed two hybrid S. alba x S. alba crosses with the highest growth. Moreover, four S. alba x S. excelsa crosses and one seedling from S. alba x S. fragilis hybrid showed the highest height growth compared to the parents. The superior hybrids also showed straight stems. It is concluded that the superior hybrid seedlings from this study can be evaluated in the next phase of compatibility.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Willow
  • Hybrid
  • growth traits
  • sapling

مراجع

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 24، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 63
فروردین 1395
صفحه 149-140

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