ارزیابی برخی فلزات سنگین در ریزگردها و روند جذب آنها توسط برودار (Quercus brantii Lindl.) (مطالعه موردی: رویشگاه مله‌‏سیاه ایلام)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد بیابان‏زدایی، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان

2 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

3 استادیار، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان

4 مربی پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

چکیده

پژوهش پیش‌رو به ‏منظور ارزیابی ماهیت ریزگردها ازنظر دارا بودن فلزات سنگین و چگونگی تغییرات آنها در خاک و همچنین در برگ و شاخه برودار (Quercusbrantii Lindl.) در رویشگاه مله‌سیاه استان ایلام انجام شد. چهار عنصر روی، نیکل، سرب و کادمیم طی دونوبت در ابتدای اریبهشت و انتهای شهریورماه 1393 و متناسب با وقوع ریزگردها از دو گروه درختان سالم و در حال خشکیدن سنجش و ارزیابی شدند. نتایج بیانگر آن بود که با گذشت زمان مقدار عناصر به‌جز عنصر روی به‌صورت معنی‌داری در نمونه‌های خاک زیر تاج‏پوشش هر دو گروه درختان افزایش یافت. تمامی چهار عنصر جذب‏ شده توسط برگ درختان سالم و در حال خشکیدن برودار طی اوایل بهار تا اواخر تابستان افزایش یافتند و تفاوت آنها در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد معنی‏دار بود. اما در شاخه‌های درختان سالم عناصر سرب، کادمیم و نیکل افزایش یافت در حالی که افزایش معنی‌داری برای این چهار عنصر در شاخه‌های درختان در حال خشکیدن مشاهده نشد. همچنین به‌جز میزان عنصر روی موجود در برگها در دوره دوم نمونه‌برداری، هیچ اختلاف معنی‌داری میان درختان سالم و در حال خشکیدن ازنظر عناصر مورد مطالعه دیده نشد. این تحقیق نشان داد که طوفان‏های گردوغبار عناصر سنگین به‌همراه دارند و این عناصر از طریق برگ و ریشه برودار جذب می‏شوند. این عامل می‏ تواند در کاهش مقاومت درختان برودار در برابر عوامل تنش‏زای دیگر ازجمله تغییرات آب و هوایی، خشکسالی، هجوم آفات و چرای دام نقش داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the amount of heavy metals in dusts and their absorption by Brant’s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) (Case study: Meleh Siah, Ilam)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Nouri 1
  • Mohammad Matinizade 2
  • Alireza Moshki 3
  • Tahere Ensafi moghaddam 4
  • Mohammad Rahimi 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Desert Studies, University of Semnan
2 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
3 Assistant Prof., Faculty of Desert Studies, University of Semnan
4 Senior Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
چکیده [English]

This study was designed to evaluate the presence of some heavy metals in dust as well as their influences on soil, leaves and twigs of Brant`s oak (Quercusbrantii Lindl.) at a study site located in Meleh-Siah, Ilam province. For two groups intact and declined trees, we measured four elements including Pb, Zn, Ni and Cd in twodifferent time spots (April and September 2013) during the growth period corresponding to the dust events. Sampling results showed an increase in the amount of all elements except for zinc in the sub-canopy soil for both groups of trees. By showing a significant increase (p<0.05) during early spring to late summer, all four elements were shown to be absorbed by both declining and intact oak trees. At twigs samples of intact treesPb, Ni and Cdelements showed increased concentration at the end of growth period while similar significant increases wasn't noticed in twigs of declined trees. Also, apart from Zn content of leaves at second inventory phase, there was no significant difference between declined and intact trees whit respect to studied elements. This study concludes that the heavy metals in dust are highly able to be absorbed by leaf and root. Furthermore, these might be amongst the reasons which decrease the resilience of oak trees against stress factors such as climate change, drought, pest infestations, and overgrazing. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • oak decline
  • Zinc
  • Lead
  • Cadmium
  • Dust
  • Nickel

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 23، شماره 4
دی 1394
صفحه 605-616

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