ارزیابی مقدار مواد سوختنی پس از آتش سوزی در جنگل‌کاری های کاج تدا با استفاده از خط‌نمونه و روش FLM (مطالعه موردی: جنگل‌کاری‌های تََخسَم در استان گیلان)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای جنگل‌داری دانشگاه گیلان

2 استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گیلان

3 دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گیلان

4 دانشیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع ایران

چکیده

وقوع آتش ­سوزی در بوم­ سازگان­های طبیعی به شرایط آب­ وهوایی، در دسترس بودن منابع احتراق و مقدار و مشخصات مواد سوختنی بستگی دارد. میزان انباشتگی مواد سوختنی یک عامل تعیین کننده در رفتار آتش­ است. باقی­مانده­ های چوبی افتاده در جنگل و نیز پوشش علفی کف جنگل‌ها ازجمله عامل‌های تعیین کننده در شدت آتش­ سوزی و زمان احتراق است. مدیران جنگل برای مدیریت ماده سوختنی نیاز به آگاهی از مقدار، ترکیب طبقه قطری و وضعیت زمانی و مکانی مواد سوختنی دارند. جنگلکاری‌های سوزنی‌برگ در ناحیه سراوان و لاکان شهرستان رشت ازجمله حساسترین مناطق به آتش‌سوزی در جنگل‌های استان گیلان هستند. به‌منظور مشخص کردن مقدار انباشت ماده سوختنی و درجه اهمیت آن در خطر آتش‌سوزی این جنگل‌ها پس از آتش­سوزی­های اخیر، جنگلکاری تخسم در منطقه جنگلی لاکان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور از خط‌نمونه و از روش FLM (روش برآورد مقدار ماده سوختنی) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار ماده سوختنی در پوشش جنگلکاری با کاج تدا 3/89 تن در هکتار است که در طبقه­ های قطری مختلف پراکنده است. این میزان سوخت، آتش­ سوزی شدیدی را متوجه این جنگل نمی­ کند، اما بعضی از پوشش­ های علفی منطقه دارای مقدار ماده سوختنی زیادی هستند که آتش‌سوزی شدید و گذرایی را از این پوشش­ها می­ توان انتظار داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of fuel load following fire in Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations using line sampling and of FLM method (Case study: Takhsam plantations in Guilan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Amin Amlashi 1
  • Mehrdad Ghodskhah 2
  • Amir Islam Bonyad 3
  • Hassan Pourbabaei 3
  • Mostafa Jafari 4
  • Vahid Gholami 2
1 Ph.D. Student Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Guilan University, Some`eh Sara, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Some`eh Sara, Iran‎
3 Associate Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Some`eh Sara, Iran‎
4 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

    The occurrence of fire in natural ecosystems depends on the prevailing meteorological conditions, the availability of ignition material and the quantity and characteristics of fuel biomass. The rate at which fuels accumulate is a crucial determinant of fire regimes. Woody debris in the forest and herbaceous cover are also important determinants of the severity of the fire. Therefore particular fuel management is required for improved understanding and awareness on the amount of fuel, fuel diameter classes and required spatial and temporal fuel condition. Coniferous plantations located in Saravan and Lacan located in the vicinity of Rasht metropolitan area are amongst the most fire sensitive areas within Guilan province. To determine the amount of accumulated fuel and the degree of their proneness to fire risk, forest plantation area of Takhsam in Lakan was investigated. To this aim, we used the transect sampling and the FLM method. The results showed that the fuel load in loblolly pine plantation accounts for 3.89 tons per hectare and vary in different diameter classes. This amount of fuel is not presumable to impose high wildfire risks for severe fire events. However, if combined with the existing herbaceous cover, a higher proneness to severe wildfire can be expected.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • forest fire
  • TRANSECT
  • Loblolly pine
  • forest fuel load

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