تحلیل الگوی مکانی و رقابت درون‌گونه ای در تیپ خالص بلندمازو (Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Mey.) با استفاده از آماره O- ring (مطالعه موردی: جنگل شاهد نکا)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد جنگل‌داری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات

2 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

3 استادیار گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات

4 دانشیار گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات

چکیده

الگوی مکانی درختان در مراحل مختلف زندگی داده‌های مهمی در رابطه با فرآیندهایی که تجدید حیات و توالی جنگل را هدایت می‌کنند، در اختیار قرار می­ دهد. رقابت از عامل­ های تأثیرگذار بر ساختار جنگل است. شناخت رقابت در جنگل به‌ویژه هنگامی اهمیت دارد که هدف از مدیریت جنگل، تقلید از پویایی بوم ­نظام­های طبیعی باشد. برای این ‌منظور یک پارسل مدیریت‌نشده به مساحت 26 هکتار در منطقه نکا انتخاب شد و کلیه درختان بلندمازو با قطر برابر سینه بیشتر از 7/5 سانتی‌متر مورد اندازه‌گیری قطر قرار گرفتند و مختصات دکارتی آنها تعیین شد. سپس درختان اندازه‌گیری‌شده براساس قطر برابر سینه به چهار طبقه کم‌قطر، میان‌قطر، قطور و خیلی قطور تقسیم شدند. بررسی الگوی مکانی و رقابت درون‌گونه‌ای بلندمازو به­ ترتیب با توابع تک ­متغیره و دومتغیره آماره او- رینگ (O- ring) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که الگوی مکانی درختان به‌دلیل سنگین بودن بذر بلندمازو و فراوانی زیاد درختان جوان، در فاصله‌های کوتاه خوشه‌ای و سپس با بزرگ شدن مقیاس بررسی تصادفی می‌شود. همچنین مشخص شد که درختان بلندمازو دارای اثرات رقابتی مثبت و منفی متفاوتی در طبقه‌­‌های مختلف قطری نسبت به هم هستند که در فاصله ­های متفاوتی با توجه به اندازه درختان اتفاق می‌افتد که متأثر از نورپسندی، محدودیت پراکنش بذر و رقابت درون‌گونه‌ای این گونه است. با توجه به اینکه پراکنش بلند‌مازو از الگوی تصادفی پیروی کرده است، بنابراین دخالت‌های جنگل‌شناسی باید علاوه‌بر ملاحظه سایر عامل­ های مؤثر در نشانه‌گذاری، به‌گونه­ ای باشد که برداشت فقط به‌صورت پایه­ ای و تصادفی انجام شود و توده به‌سمت الگوی تصادفی سوق داده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial patterns and intra-specific competition of Chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey.) using O- ring statistic (Case study: Neka Forest, Iran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farideh Omidvar Hosseini 1
  • Reza Akhavan 2
  • Hadi Kia-Daliri 3
  • Asadollah Mataji 4
1 M.Sc. Forestry, Forestry Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Forestry Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Prof., Forestry Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The spatial patterns of trees in different stages of their life provide important information related to forest regeneration and succession processes. Since competition affects forest structure, understanding competition is important when forest management aims to imitate the dynamics of natural ecosystems. For this purpose, an unmanaged control forest was selected with 26 hectares area. All Chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia) trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) greater than 7.5 cm were measured, and their Cartesian coordinates were recorded. Based on their DBH, the measured trees were then divided into four classes of small timber, medium timber, large timber and extra-large timber. The univariate and bivariate O- ring statistic were used to investigate the spatial patterns and to examine the intra-specific competition, respectively. Results showed cluster spatial pattern in short distances due to heavy seed and high regeneration frequency, which was later changed to random distribution as distance increased. Moreover, interactions between diameter size classes showed that oak trees with different sizes had different positive (attraction) and negative (repulsion) interactions which occurred at different scales based on the size of trees, influenced by light-demanding, limited seed dispersal and intra-specific competition of oak trees. Since the Chestnut-leaved oak trees showed random distribution, the silvicultural interventions should thus be based on individuals and random single selection to create random spatial patterns in the stand.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • O- ring statistic
  • Spatial patterns
  • chestnut-leaved oak
  • untouched stand
  • intra-specific competition

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